Premio Nobel de Medicina
Galardonados judíos del Premio Nobel de Medicina documentados en el directorio ThankJews. Los judíos son alrededor del 26 % de todos los galardonados, aunque constituyen aproximadamente el 0,2 % de la población mundial.
62 galardonados documentados
Paul Ehrlich1908
Quimioterapia
Fuente: Nobel Prize Medicine 1908
Elie Metchnikoff1908
Descubrió phagocytosis and cellular immunity; Nobel 1908 (NOT the inventor of yogurt; he popularized the probiotic/lactic-acid longevity theory)
Fuente: Nobelprize.org; Wikipedia (mother of Jewish descent)
Robert Bárány1876
Otologist awarded the 1914 Premio Nobel in Medicine for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular (balance) apparatus of the inner ear.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Otto Meyerhof1884
Recibió el 1922 Premio Nobel for discovering the relationship between oxygen consumption and lactic acid metabolism in muscle.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Willem Einthoven1903
Inventeur de l'électrocardiogramme, prix Nobel de médecine 1924
Fuente: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1924/einthoven/biographical/
Karl Landsteiner1930
Descubrimiento de los grupos sanguíneos humanos
Fuente: Jinfo.org / Nobel Prize Medicine 1930
Otto Warburg1931
Discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme
Fuente: Jinfo.org / Nobel Prize Medicine 1931
Otto Loewi1936
Farmacólogo who proved the chemical transmission of nerve impulses and identified the vagus substance as acetylcholine; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1936
Fuente: Wikipedia — Otto Loewi
Joseph Erlanger1874
Fisiólogo who, with Herbert Gasser, construyó a cathode-ray oscillograph to record nerve impulses and showed that nerve fibres conduct at speeds set by their diameter; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o…
Fuente: Wikipedia — Joseph Erlanger
Ernst Boris Chain1906
Bioquímico who, with Howard Florey at Oxford, isolated penicillin and demonstrated its curative action; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1945
Fuente: Wikipedia — Ernst Chain
Hermann Muller1890
Showed in 1927 that X-rays produce gene mutations, founding radiation genetics; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1946
Fuente: Wikipedia — Hermann Muller
Gerty Cori1896
Bioquímico awarded the 1947 Premio Nobel for discovering the Cori cycle of glycogen metabolism; first woman to win the medicine Nobel.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Tadeus Reichstein1897
Recibió el 1950 Premio Nobel for research on the hormones of the adrenal cortex, including cortisone.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Selman Waksman1943
Estreptomicina (primer antibiótico contra la tuberculosis), descubrió in his Rutgers laboratory; coined the term antibiotics; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1952
Fuente: Wikipedia — Selman Waksman
Hans Krebs1953
Discovery of the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) in cellular metabolism
Fuente: Jinfo.org / Nobel Prize Medicine 1953
Fritz Lipmann1899
Descubrió coenzyme A and introduced the concept of energy-rich phosphate bonds; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1953
Fuente: Wikipedia — Fritz Lipmann
Joshua Lederberg1958
Showed that bacteria mate and exchange genes (genetic recombination) and co-discovered transduction; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1958
Fuente: Wikipedia — Joshua Lederberg
Arthur Kornberg1959
DNA Synthesis
Fuente: Nobel Prize Medicine 1959
Konrad Bloch1912
Bioquímico awarded the 1964 Premio Nobel for elucidating the metabolism of cholesterol and fatty acids.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
François Jacob1920
Recibió el 1965 Premio Nobel for discovering the operon model of gene regulation.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
André Lwoff1902
Recibió el 1965 Premio Nobel for work on lysogeny and the genetic control of viruses.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
George Wald1906
Recibió el 1967 Premio Nobel for discovering the biochemical processes of vision in the retina.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Marshall Nirenberg1968
Genetic Code
Fuente: Nobel Prize Medicine 1968
Salvador Luria1912
Showed with Max Delbrück that bacteria mutate spontaneously (fluctuation test); cofundó the phage group; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1969 for discoveries on the replication and genetics of…
Fuente: Wikipedia — Salvador Luria
Julius Axelrod1970
Showed that nerve endings take back the noradrenaline they release (reuptake) and discovered the enzyme COMT; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1970
Fuente: Wikipedia — Julius Axelrod / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1970
Bernard Katz1970
Showed that acetylcholine is released at the nerve-muscle junction in packets of fixed size (quanta); Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1970
Fuente: Wikipedia — Bernard Katz / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1970
Gerald Edelman1929
Recibió el 1972 Premio Nobel for determining the chemical structure of antibodies.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Karl von Frisch1886
Recibió el 1973 Premio Nobel in Medicine for decoding the 'dance language' of honeybees
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biomedical Science
David Baltimore1975
Descubrió reverse transcriptase (1970), the enzyme retroviruses such as HIV use to copy RNA into DNA; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1975; president of Caltech 1997–2006
Fuente: Wikipedia — David Baltimore / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1975
Howard Temin1975
Proposed the DNA provirus hypothesis (1964) and co-discovered reverse transcriptase (1970), showing that genetic information can flow from RNA to DNA; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1975
Fuente: Wikipedia — Howard Martin Temin / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1975
Baruch Blumberg1976
Virus y vacuna de la hepatitis B
Fuente: Nobel Prize Medicine 1976
Rosalyn Yalow1977
Desarrolló radioimmunoassay with Solomon Berson, a way of measuring minute amounts of hormones in the blood, which they chose not to patent; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1977
Fuente: Wikipedia — Rosalyn Sussman Yalow / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1977
Daniel Nathans1928
Used restriction enzymes to cut the DNA of the tumour virus SV40 into defined fragments and map it, founding a basic method of molecular biology; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1978
Fuente: Wikipedia — Daniel Nathans / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1978
Baruj Benacerraf1920
Descubrió the immune response (Ir) genes of the major histocompatibility complex that control the strength of immune reactions; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1980; president of the…
Fuente: Wikipedia — Baruj Benacerraf / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1980
John Vane1927
Recibió el 1982 Premio Nobel for discovering how aspirin works and the biology of prostaglandins.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
César Milstein1927
Recibió el 1984 Premio Nobel for developing the technique to produce monoclonal antibodies.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Michael S. Brown1941
Recibió el 1985 Premio Nobel for discovering the LDL receptor and the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Joseph Goldstein1940
With Michael Brown discovered the LDL receptor (1973) and how cells regulate cholesterol, the scientific basis of statin drugs; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1985
Fuente: Wikipedia — Joseph L. Goldstein / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1985
Stanley Cohen1986
Factores de crecimiento
Fuente: Nobel Prize Medicine 1986
Rita Levi-Montalcini1986
Discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF), first isolated in 1952; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1986; senator for life of Italy from 2001
Fuente: Wikipedia — Rita Levi-Montalcini / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1986
Gertrude Elion1988
Fue pionero de rational drug design with George Hitchings, producing 6-mercaptopurine for childhood leukaemia, azathioprine for transplants, allopurinol, acyclovir and other medicines; Premio Nobel…
Fuente: Wikipedia — Gertrude B. Elion / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1988
Harold Varmus1989
With Michael Bishop showed that retroviral oncogenes derive from normal cellular genes (proto-oncogenes), Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1989; director of the NIH 1993–1999 and of the National…
Fuente: Wikipedia — Harold E. Varmus / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1989
Edmond Fischer1920
Recibió el 1992 Premio Nobel for discovering reversible protein phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Alfred Gilman1941
Recibió el 1994 Premio Nobel for the discovery of G-proteins and their role in cellular signal transduction.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Martin Rodbell1925
Recibió el 1994 Premio Nobel for the discovery of G-proteins in cellular signal transduction.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Stanley Prusiner1997
Descubrió prions, infectious agents made of misfolded protein alone, the cause of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and scrapie; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 1997
Fuente: Wikipedia — Stanley Prusiner / NobelPrize.org Medicine 1997
Robert Furchgott1916
Recibió el 1998 Premio Nobel for discovering nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Paul Greengard1925
Showed how dopamine and other transmitters act on nerve cells through protein phosphorylation, the basis of slow synaptic transmission; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2000
Fuente: Wikipedia — Paul Greengard / NobelPrize.org Medicine 2000
Eric Kandel2000
Showed in the sea snail Aplysia how learning changes synapses and how short- and long-term memories are stored; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2000
Fuente: Wikipedia — Eric Kandel / NobelPrize.org Medicine 2000
Sydney Brenner2002
Helped establish messenger RNA and the triplet genetic code, and made the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans a model for the genetics of development; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2002
Fuente: Wikipedia — Sydney Brenner / NobelPrize.org Medicine 2002
H. Robert Horvitz1947
Recibió el 2002 Premio Nobel for discoveries on the genetic regulation of programmed cell death (apoptosis).
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Richard Axel1946
Recibió el 2004 Premio Nobel for discovering odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Andrew Fire2006
Premio Nobel in medicine (2006) for the discovery of RNA interference (gene silencing)
Fuente: Nobel Prize Medicine 2006
Bruce Beutler1957
Found that Toll-like receptor 4 is the sensor of bacterial lipopolysaccharide that switches on innate immunity; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2011
Fuente: Wikipedia — Bruce Beutler / NobelPrize.org Medicine 2011
Ralph Steinman1943
Inmunólogo que descubrió the dendritic cell in 1973 and showed how it switches on adaptive immunity; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2011
Fuente: Wikipedia — Ralph Steinman
James Rothman1950
Bioquímico who uncovered the protein machinery of the SNAREs that lets vesicles dock and fuse with their targets inside cells; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2013
Fuente: Wikipedia — James Rothman
Randy Schekman1948
Cell biologist who used yeast genetics to find the genes that govern vesicle traffic and protein secretion in cells; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2013
Fuente: Wikipedia — Randy Schekman
Michael Rosbash1944
Genetista who with Jeffrey Hall isolated the period gene and showed how its protein drives the feedback loop of the circadian clock; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2017
Fuente: Wikipedia — Michael Rosbash
Harvey Alter1935
Recibió el 2020 Premio Nobel for the discovery of the hepatitis C virus.
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
David Julius1955
Recibió el 2021 Premio Nobel in Medicine for discovering receptors for temperature and touch
Fuente: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biomedical Science
Drew Weissman2023
Médico and immunologist who with Katalin Karikó found the nucleoside base modifications that made mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 possible; Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina 2023
Fuente: Wikipedia — Drew Weissman
Gary Ruvkun1952
Biólogo molecular who, with Victor Ambros, descubrió microRNA and its role in gene regulation, and showed in 2000 that the second microRNA, let-7, is conserved across animals; Premio Nobel de…
Fuente: Wikipedia — Gary Ruvkun / NobelPrize.org Medicine 2024