Robert Karplus

Born in Vienna to a Jewish family, Karplus fled the Nazi Anschluss in 1938 and emigrated to the United States. As a theoretical physicist he co-authored (with Luttinger) the foundational 1954 theory of the anomalous Hall effect and, with Norman Kroll, an early precise quantum-electrodynamics calculation of the electron's magnetic moment. He later became a pioneer of American science education at UC Berkeley. His brother Martin Karplus won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.