مفكرو القرن العشرين
الحاصلون اليهود على مفكرو القرن العشرين الموثّقون في دليل ThankJews. يشكّل اليهود نحو 30% من مجموع الحاصلين — بينما يمثّلون نحو 0.2% من سكان العالم.
142 من الحاصلين الموثّقين
Alfred Adler1870
مؤسس individual psychology and the concept of the inferiority complex
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Theodor Adorno1903
Frankfurt School philosopher and social theorist, a founder of critical theory
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Samuel Alexander1859
فيلسوف بريطاني of emergent evolution, مؤلف 'Space, Time, and Deity'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Hannah Arendt1951
Political Philosophy
المصدر: The Origins of Totalitarianism
Rudolf Arnheim1904
رائد the psychology of art and visual perception
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Raymond Aron1905
French political philosopher and sociologist
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Kenneth Arrow1972
عالم اقتصاد who proved the impossibility theorem of social choice and, with Gérard Debreu, the existence of a general equilibrium in a competitive economy; جائزة نوبل في الاقتصاد 1972
المصدر: Wikipedia — Kenneth Arrow / NobelPrize.org Economic Sciences 1972
Erich Auerbach1892
مؤلف Mimesis, the foundational work of comparative literature
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews among the 250 most-cited scholars in the Arts & Humanities
Daniel Bell1919
عالم اجتماع المعروف بـ 'The Coming of Post-Industrial Society' and 'The End of Ideology'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Sociology
Julien Benda1867
فيلسوف فرنسي, مؤلف 'La Trahison des clercs'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Walter Benjamin1892
فيلسوف and critic whose essays on language and translation remain influential.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Emile Benveniste1966
Structural linguist المعروف بـ major work on Indo-European languages and theory of enunciation
المصدر: Britannica
Bernard Berenson
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Peter Berger1929
عالم اجتماع of knowledge and religion; co-author of 'The Social Construction of Reality'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Sociology
Henri Bergson1927
فيلسوف فرنسي of duration and creative evolution, جائزة نوبل في الأدب 1927 for his rich and vitalizing ideas; refused Vichy's exemption from the anti-Jewish laws and registered as a Jew in 1940
المصدر: Wikipedia — Henri Bergson / NobelPrize.org Literature 1927
Isaiah Berlin1909
British political philosopher and historian of ideas, المعروف بـ 'Two Concepts of Liberty' and value pluralism
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Basil Bernstein1924
Sociolinguist المعروف بـ the theory of elaborated and restricted linguistic codes.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Bruno Bettelheim1903
Child psychologist المعروف بـ work on autism and emotional development
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Max Black1909
Analytic philosopher of language and science
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Ernst Bloch1885
German Marxist philosopher, مؤلف 'The Principle of Hope'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Marc Bloch
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Leonard Bloomfield1887
عالم لغويات أمريكي, مؤسس structural linguistics and author of the landmark 1933 book 'Language'.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Franz Boas1858
Father of American anthropology; كان رائدًا في descriptive linguistics of Native American languages.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Niels Bohr1913
فيزيائي who gave the quantum model of the atom in 1913 and led Copenhagen's Institute for Theoretical Physics; جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء 1922
المصدر: Wikipedia — Niels Bohr
Max Born1954
من مؤسسي quantum mechanics who gave the statistical interpretation of the wave function; جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء 1954
المصدر: Wikipedia — Max Born
Jacob Bronowski
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Jerome Bruner1915
عالم نفس معرفي whose work shaped theories of language acquisition and cognitive development.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Leon Brunschvicg1869
French idealist philosopher
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Martin Buber1878
Jewish philosopher of dialogue, مؤلف 'I and Thou'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Benjamin Cardozo1870
US Supreme Court Justice and influential common-law jurist; مؤلف 'The Nature of the Judicial Process'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Law & Jurisprudence
Ernst Cassirer1874
Neo-Kantian philosopher of symbolic forms
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Noam Chomsky1957
Linguistics Theory
المصدر: Transformational grammar
Morris Raphael Cohen1880
فيلسوف أمريكي of law and science
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Jacques Derrida1930
فيلسوف, مؤسس deconstruction and influential theorist of language and meaning.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Emile Durkheim1895
عالم اجتماع, a founding figure of modern sociology as an academic discipline
المصدر: Britannica
Ronald Dworkin1931
Legal philosopher; طوّر 'law as integrity' and the principal critique of legal positivism
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Law & Jurisprudence
Albert Einstein1905
فيزيائي الذي أسّس special and general relativity and explained the photoelectric effect; جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء 1921
المصدر: Wikipedia — Albert Einstein
Sergei Eisenstein
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Erik Erikson1902
عالم نفس تنموي who formulated psychosocial stages and the identity crisis
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Hans Eysenck1916
Personality psychologist المعروف بـ dimensional models of temperament
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Herbert Feigl1902
Vienna Circle philosopher of science, philosophy of mind
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Richard Feynman1948
فيزيائي who helped rebuild quantum electrodynamics and introduced Feynman diagrams; جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء 1965
المصدر: Wikipedia — Richard Feynman
Stanley Fish1938
منظّر أدبي of reader-response criticism
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews among the 250 most-cited scholars in the Arts & Humanities
Meyer Fortes1906
Social anthropologist المعروف بـ kinship studies of the Tallensi of West Africa
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Anthropology
Jerome Frank1909
طبيب نفسي المعروف بـ comparative research on psychotherapy and persuasion
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Felix Frankfurter1882
US Supreme Court Justice and constitutional scholar; leading advocate of judicial restraint
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Law & Jurisprudence
Anna Freud1895
مؤسس child psychoanalysis and theorist of ego defense mechanisms
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Sigmund Freud1896
التحليل النفسي
المصدر: Founded modern psychology
Milton Friedman1962
Free Market Economics
المصدر: Nobel Prize Economics 1976
Erich Fromm1900
Humanistic psychoanalyst and social philosopher
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Clifford Geertz1926
مؤسس interpretive anthropology and 'thick description', مؤلف 'The Interpretation of Cultures'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Anthropology
Murray Gell-Mann1969
Classification of elementary particles and their interactions (quark theory)
المصدر: Jinfo.org / Nobel Prize Physics 1969
Ernest Gellner1925
فيلسوف and social anthropologist, theorist of nationalism
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Erving Goffman1922
عالم اجتماع who studied the interactional organization of talk and everyday conversation.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Kurt Goldstein1878
طبيب أعصاب and founder of the holistic and organismic approach to brain function.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Ernst Gombrich1909
مؤلف The Story of Art, the world's most-read art history book
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews among the 250 most-cited scholars in the Arts & Humanities
Nelson Goodman1906
فيلسوف أمريكي, the 'new riddle of induction' and nominalism
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Paul Goodman
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Stephen Jay Gould1941
عالم حفريات and evolutionary biologist who co-developed the theory of punctuated equilibrium.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Oscar Handlin
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
H.L.A. Hart1907
Leading legal philosopher; مؤلف 'The Concept of Law', foundational to modern legal positivism
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Political Philosophy & Science
Abraham Joshua Heschel1907
Jewish theologian and philosopher of religion
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
E. D. Hirsch Jr.1928
منظّر أدبي; مؤلف Cultural Literacy
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews among the 250 most-cited scholars in the Arts & Humanities
Richard Hofstadter1916
Two-time Pulitzer-winning historian of American political culture
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews among the 250 most-cited scholars in the Arts & Humanities
Sidney Hook1902
American pragmatist philosopher
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Max Horkheimer1895
مخرج of the Frankfurt School and co-founder of critical theory
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Edmund Husserl1900
فيلسوف الذي أسّس phenomenology; born into a Jewish family (later converted to Lutheranism)
المصدر: Britannica
Ivan Illich
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
François Jacob1920
نال 1965 جائزة نوبل for discovering the operon model of gene regulation.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Roman Jakobson1896
مؤسس structural linguistics and modern phonology; طوّر distinctive-feature theory.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Hans Kelsen1881
Legal philosopher; طوّر the 'Pure Theory of Law' and modern legal positivism
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Law & Jurisprudence
Lawrence Klein1980
عالم اقتصاد who built the first large econometric models of national economies, the Wharton models and Project LINK; جائزة نوبل في الاقتصاد 1980
المصدر: Wikipedia — Lawrence Klein / NobelPrize.org Economic Sciences 1980
Melanie Klein1882
مؤسس object relations theory and child psychoanalysis
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Arthur Koestler1905
روائي and essayist ('Darkness at Noon')
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Literature
Kurt Koffka1886
من مؤسسي Gestalt psychology
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Karl Kraus
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Hans Krebs1953
Discovery of the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) in cellular metabolism
المصدر: Jinfo.org / Nobel Prize Medicine 1953
Saul Kripke1940
فيلسوف and logician المعروف بـ the causal theory of reference and modal logic.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Thomas Kuhn1922
فيلسوف of science, مؤلف 'The Structure of Scientific Revolutions' and the concept of paradigm shifts
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Simon Kuznets1971
Empirical research on economic growth and the measurement of national income
المصدر: Jinfo.org / Nobel Prize Economics 1971
Imre Lakatos1922
Philosophy of mathematics; Proofs and Refutations
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Mathematics
Harold Laski
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Wassily Leontief1905
عالم اقتصاد الذي ابتكر input-output analysis and compiled the first input-output tables of the American economy; جائزة نوبل في الاقتصاد 1973
المصدر: Wikipedia — Wassily Leontief / NobelPrize.org Economic Sciences 1973
Claude Lévi-Strauss1955
مؤسس structural anthropology; مؤلف Tristes Tropiques and The Elementary Structures of Kinship.
المصدر: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_L%C3%A9vi-Strauss
Lucien Lévy-Bruhl1857
فيلسوف فرنسي and anthropologist
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Kurt Lewin1890
مؤسس modern social psychology and field theory
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Oscar Lewis1914
عالم أنثروبولوجيا الذي طوّر the concept of the 'culture of poverty'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Sociology
Walter Lippmann
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Seymour Martin Lipset1922
Leading political sociologist; مؤلف 'Political Man'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Sociology
Gyorgy Lukács1885
Hungarian Marxist philosopher and literary theorist
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Alexander Luria1902
مؤسس modern neuropsychology and the study of the brain's functional organization.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Biology
Salvador Luria1912
Showed with Max Delbrück that bacteria mutate spontaneously (fluctuation test); شارك في تأسيس the phage group; جائزة نوبل في الطب 1969 for discoveries on the replication and genetics of viruses
المصدر: Wikipedia — Salvador Luria
Rosa Luxemburg
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Karl Mannheim1893
مؤسس the sociology of knowledge
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Gabriel Marcel1889
French existentialist philosopher (of Jewish descent)
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Herbert Marcuse1898
Frankfurt School philosopher, مؤلف 'One-Dimensional Man'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Abraham Maslow1908
مؤسس humanistic psychology and the hierarchy of needs
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Robert K. Merton1994
مؤسس the sociology of science; coined 'self-fulfilling prophecy' and 'role model'; الميدالية الوطنية للعلوم (1994)
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jewish recipients of the US National Medal of Science
Hermann Muller1890
Showed in 1927 that X-rays produce gene mutations, founding radiation genetics; جائزة نوبل في الطب 1946
المصدر: Wikipedia — Hermann Muller
Lewis Mumford
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Ernest Nagel1901
فيلسوف of science, مؤلف 'The Structure of Science'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Sir Lewis Namier
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
John von Neumann1945
معمارية الحاسوب ونظرية الألعاب
المصدر: Manhattan Project / Princeton
Otto Neurath1882
Vienna Circle philosopher, advocate of physicalism and unified science
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Emmy Noether1882
مؤسِّسة الجبر المجرد الحديث; Noether's theorem
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Mathematics
J. Robert Oppenheimer1945
Scientific director of the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos; فيزيائي نظري and, afterwards, an advocate of international control of nuclear weapons
المصدر: Wikipedia — J. Robert Oppenheimer
Erwin Panofsky1892
مؤسس modern iconology in art history
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews among the 250 most-cited scholars in the Arts & Humanities
Wolfgang Pauli1945
فيزيائي نظري who formulated the exclusion principle and proposed the neutrino; جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء 1945
المصدر: Wikipedia — Wolfgang Pauli
Max Perutz1962
Hemoglobin Structure
المصدر: Nobel Prize Chemistry 1962
Karl Polanyi1886
Economic anthropologist and historian, مؤلف 'The Great Transformation'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Anthropology
Michael Polanyi1891
كيميائي فيزيائي المعروف بـ reaction rate theory and adsorption
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Chemistry
Karl Popper1902
فيلسوف of science, طوّر falsifiability as the criterion of demarcation; مؤلف 'The Open Society and Its Enemies'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Otto Rank1884
محلل نفسي المعروف بـ theories of the birth trauma and will
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Psychology
Wilhelm Reich1897
محلل نفسي and social philosopher
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
David Riesman1909
عالم اجتماع and author of the influential study of American character 'The Lonely Crowd'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Sociology
Harold Rosenberg
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Marshall Sahlins1930
عالم أنثروبولوجيا المعروف بـ 'Stone Age Economics' and 'Islands of History'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Anthropology
Paul Samuelson1948
Economic Theory
المصدر: Nobel Prize Economics 1970
Edward Sapir1884
عالم لغويات and anthropologist central to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis of linguistic relativity.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Meyer Schapiro
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Max Scheler1874
German phenomenologist and founder of philosophical anthropology (of Jewish descent)
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Heinrich Schenker
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Arnold Schoenberg1921
مؤلف موسيقي نمساوي who pioneered atonality and the twelve-tone technique, a founder of the Second Viennese School and one of the most influential musical modernists.
المصدر: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Schoenberg
Gershom Scholem
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Julian Schwinger1918
فيزيائي; من مؤسسي quantum electrodynamics (QED), جائزة نوبل 1965
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Physics
Edward Shils1910
عالم اجتماع المعروف بـ work on tradition, intellectuals, and the 'center and periphery'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Sociology
Georg Simmel1858
عالم اجتماع ألماني and philosopher
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Herbert Simon1978
Social scientist of administrative decision-making and bounded rationality, and with Allen Newell a pioneer of artificial intelligence; جائزة نوبل في الاقتصاد 1978
المصدر: Wikipedia — Herbert A. Simon / NobelPrize.org Economic Sciences 1978
Susan Sontag1933
كاتب أمريكي and public intellectual whose essays on culture and photography shaped criticism.
المصدر: IMDb (Jewish Actors list)
Leo Spitzer1887
Romance philologist and founder of literary stylistics.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
William Stern1871
عالم نفس and philosopher of personalism, originated the concept of IQ
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Leo Strauss1899
Political philosopher and scholar of classical political thought
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Alfred Tarski1901
Foundational logician; theory of truth and decidability.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Computer Science
Lionel Trilling1905
Preeminent American literary critic of the mid-20th century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews among the 250 most-cited scholars in the Arts & Humanities
Leon Trotsky
Profiled in Thinkers of the 20th Century
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews Profiled in Thinkers of the Twentieth Century
Lev Vygotsky1896
عالم نفس whose work on thought and language founded developmental psycholinguistics.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics
Simone Weil1909
فيلسوف فرنسي and mystic
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Max Wertheimer1880
مؤسس Gestalt psychology
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Philosophy
Norbert Wiener1894
أسّس cybernetics and statistical communication theory.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Computer Science
Eugene Wigner1902
Mathematical physicist; brought group theory and symmetry principles into quantum mechanics, theory of the nuclear force; جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء 1963
المصدر: Wikipedia — Eugene Wigner
Louis Wirth1897
رائد urban sociology; مؤلف 'Urbanism as a Way of Life'
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Sociology
Ludwig Wittgenstein1889
فيلسوف of language, مؤلف the 'Tractatus' and 'Philosophical Investigations'.
المصدر: Jinfo.org — Jews in Linguistics