Baruch Spinoza
Baruch Spinoza · Philosophy & Social Sciences
Dutch rationalist philosopher, foundational figure of the Enlightenment; author of the Ethics
1632, Amsterdam, Dutch Republic — 1677, The Hague, Dutch Republic
Amsterdam, Rijnsburg, The Hague
Baruch Spinoza is recognized among Jewish contributors to Philosophy & Social Sciences — Dutch rationalist philosopher, foundational figure of the Enlightenment; author of the Ethics
Baruch de Spinoza was a Dutch rationalist philosopher whose 'Ethics' offered a rigorous, geometry-styled system identifying God with Nature and became foundational to the Enlightenment and modern secular thought. He was born in Amsterdam into a Portuguese Sephardic Jewish community and, at 23, was placed under a cherem (excommunication) by that community for his heterodox views, after which he lived apart from organized religion while grinding lenses. His Jewish origins and the rupture with the Jewish community are central to his biography.
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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza
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Dutch rationalist philosopher, foundational figure of the Enlightenment; author of the Ethics
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza
