The Heimlich maneuver
Who
Henry Heimlich, an American Jewish thoracic surgeon
When
1974
Where
Cincinnati, United States
Choking on food was killing thousands of Americans a year when Henry Heimlich published, in 1974, the abdominal thrust that forces the lung's residual air out and expels the obstruction. It needs no equipment and no training to speak of, which is exactly why it has saved so many lives.
Part of “The Gifts of the Jews” — verified Jewish contributions to the world, with sources.